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Farmers & ranchers in 49 states get drought tax relief

October 8, 2023
Cattle in Big Bend area of West Texas_Kay Bell photo

These cattle chilling out in the West Texas Big Bend area don't appear worried about much. Their owners, however, have a lot of concerns, including the extremely dry conditions that could hurt the profitability of their agricultural endeavors. The IRS is offering some ranchers and farmers special drought-related tax relief. (Photo by Kay Bell)

The recent burst of inflation was driven in part by industries trying to recoup some of their pandemic losses. Then the drought arrived, and things got worse.

Weather wreaks havoc in many economic sectors, but particularly in food production. And since most of us regularly shop for groceries, we notice the rising prices of, well, everything we put in our carts.

The lack of rain nationwide has led to stunted crops and, in dire cases, forced farmers to abandon fields. Ranchers have had sell their livestock sooner than they expected and for lower prices since the feed crops upon which the animals depend also are affected.

Livestock sale tax troubles: While all this has been a pocketbook pain for us consumers, it's also been a major financial and tax problem for cattle ranchers and others whose livelihoods depend on raising animals for market.

By selling the animals, they triggered potential capital gains taxes. But the Internal Revenue Service is offering some livestock owners relief.

The agency late last month reminded eligible farmers and ranchers forced to sell livestock due to drought that they may have an extended period of time in which to replace the livestock and defer tax on any gains from the forced sales.

The extension of an additional year applies to eligible farmers and ranchers who qualified for the four-year, instead of two-year, replacement period, if they are in a region listed by the National Drought Mitigation Center as suffering exceptional, extreme, or severe drought conditions during any week between Sept. 1, 2022, and Aug. 31, 2023.

Drought US map_US Drought Monitor_October 3 2023

Drought US map_US Drought Monitor_October 3 2023_impacts color codes

Latest drought conditions in the United States. Map via U.S. Drought Monitor. United States and Puerto Rico Map Author: Brad Pugh, NOAA/CPC; Pacific Islands and Virgin Islands Author: Curtis Riganti, National Drought Mitigation Center.

The four-year replacement period means that the extension impacts drought sales that occurred during 2019. The replacement periods for some drought sales before 2019 are also affected due to previous drought-related extensions affecting some of these localities.

Due to the drought tax year time shifting, eligible farmers and ranchers whose drought-sale replacement period was scheduled to expire on Dec. 31, 2023, now have, in most cases, until the end of the 2024 tax year to replace the sold livestock.

The IRS points out that this relief generally applies to capital gains realized by eligible farmers and ranchers on sales of livestock held for draft, dairy, or breeding purposes. Sales of other livestock, such as those raised for slaughter or held for sporting purposes, or poultry, do not qualify.

And the tax agency notes that it might further extend this replacement period if the drought continues. The way things are going, at least here in Texas, looks likely.

Almost all states, and more locales, affected: Because of the extent of the drought, the extension applies to 49 states. That count, one-short of the full U.S. of A. union, earns this weekend’s By the Numbers honor.

In addition, the tax relief has been granted to ranchers and farmers in the District of Columbia, as well as in two U.S. territories and two independent nations in a Compact of Free Association with the United States.

The details of the counties or other jurisdictions that qualify for the relief are listed in IRS Notice 2023-67. More information on reporting drought sales and other farm-related tax issues can be found in IRS Publication 225, Farmer’s Tax Guide, available on IRS.gov.

And just so you don’t have to thumb through the full notice to find the missing state, here’s the scoop. It’s Alaska.

You also might find these items of interest:

 

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TAX-SAVVY WAYS 
TO WRAP UP 2026

It’s over! With October’s extended filing deadline behind us, it is now time to focus on year-end moves to reduce your 2026 tax bill. 

You’ll find ways to do just that on the Tax Tips page (see the More Tax Posts drop-down menu at the top of the blog), as well as the separate tax tip pages for each month, notably October through December. If you’re on the Tax Tips page, you’ll find a monthly list at the end of this column. If you’re on another blog page, you can head straight to the October tips; at the bottom of that tips page you’ll find links to all the other 11 months’ collections of tax advice.

Not to spoil what you’ll find in that tax advice, but it does cover such things as tax deductions for charitable donations, investment moves that could reduce tax due, and ways to max out your tax-favored retirement savings. 

Finally, as the year winds down, things get hectic. There are lots of other things to occupy our time, like the much more fun upcoming holidays. But don’t lose sight of taxes, since timing is key. To be of use, most tax moves must be made by the end of the tax year. That’s Thursday, Dec. 31, which also is the last business day of the year. 

So that you don’t miss that final tax year deadline, also keep an eye on the countdown clock below. It will keep you on top of just how much time is left to make important, tax-saving moves. (Note: I’m in the Central Time Zone, so adjust accordingly for where you live.)

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